The deregulation of airlines led to which system?

• A. Hub and spoke system
• B. Point-to-point network
• C. Circular route
• D. Random routing

Answer: (A)

Deregulation allowed airlines to freely shape routes and schedules, so carriers redesigned networks to maximize efficiency by concentrating traffic at a few large hubs and feeding those hubs with many smaller markets. This hub-and-spoke approach lets planes carry more passengers by routing travelers through central hubs, increasing aircraft utilization and enabling broad connectivity with fewer direct flights. Point-to-point networks focus on direct city-pair service and are less scalable for a nationwide network, which is why hub-and-spoke became the typical system after deregulation. Circular routes or random routing aren’t standard network designs used to structure airline operations.